超高负荷低压涡轮叶型边界层被动控制

应用商用流体计算软件求解定常雷诺平均N-S方程组耦合Lantry-Menter转捩模型,对来流湍流度1.5%,不同进口雷诺数下,前加载超高负荷低压涡轮叶型进行了数值模拟。在与相关实验数据对比的基础上,研究了三种被动控制方式的控制效果与控制机理。结果表明:弧形凹槽的最佳开槽位置在分离点,最佳深宽比为0.15,表面拌线和矩形条的最佳加载位置在速度峰值点与分离点的中点;控制方式能否有效与其增加的掺混损失和减少的分离损失有关;三种控制方式均通过产生小漩涡来增加低能流体与高能流体之间的交换,从而加速转捩减小分离泡降低叶型损失。     

2D雷达与3D雷达航迹关联问题研究

对2D雷达与3D雷达的航迹关联问题进行了研究,提出了两种通过升维来达到航迹关联的算法,解决了2D雷达与3D雷达同地、异地配置的关联问题。通过典型环境下的仿真,体现了算法较好的关联性能和较强的鲁棒性。     

圆转矩形喷管出口宽高比对射流雷诺剪应力的影响

采用热线风速仪,利用单斜丝,对宽高比W/H分别为1,4,8,12,16的5个圆转矩形收敛喷管和一个轴对称喷管的射流对称面上雷诺剪应力分布特性进行了实验研究.研究发现:在喷口下游不同截面上,射流宽、窄对称面上的雷诺剪应力沿径向均先缓慢增大,到达射流边界后迅速减小,射流边界逐渐沿径向外移.矩形喷管射流相比轴对称射流具有较强的旋流,雷诺剪应力较大,且随着宽高比增大,旋流强度增大,剪应力也逐渐提高,导致了射流与外流掺混增强.宽高比大于8以后,增大幅度逐渐减小.射流宽、窄对称面上的分布规律相同.     

机身减速板流动特性研究

现役高机动战斗机普遍采用机身减速板来减小飞行速度和转弯半径并提高机动能力.采用物面测压及空间流场测量相结合的实验方法,在机身减速板开度60°,机身迎角O°~70°条件下,研究了机身减速板铰链力矩随迎角的变化规律,分析了减速板迎风侧和背风侧的流动结构.研究结果表明:减速板铰链力矩按迎角可分为3个区域:常值区(α=0°~16°),减速板铰链力矩基本不变,因为减速板迎风侧正压力逐渐减小,而背风侧负压力逐渐增加,两种相反的变化趋势相互抵消.非线性增长区(α=16°~32°),减速板铰链力矩显著增加,因为减速板铰链力矩主要贡献区为背风侧,该迎角区内减速板背风侧存在一对不断增强的旋涡,背风侧负压力显著增加.在非线性衰减区(α=32°~70°),减速板铰链力矩在迎角32°~36°范围内急剧减小,因为在迎角36°减速板背风侧旋涡流动变为速度较低的再附流动;减速板铰链力矩在迎角36°~44°范围内逐渐增加,因为该迎角区作用于减速板迎风侧的机身涡不断增强,导致减速板迎风侧正压力显著增加;减速板铰链力矩在迎角44°~70°范围内逐渐减小,因为该迎角区作用于减速板迎风侧的机身涡不断减弱直至破裂,导致减速板迎风侧正压力逐渐减小.     

旋成体表面沟槽减阻试验研究

在旋成体模型表面粘贴铝基沟槽蒙皮,研究沟槽表面对模型阻力的影响.给出基于来流单位雷诺数的沟槽尺寸无量纲公式,用于设计沟槽齿高和齿宽,依据试验风洞的单位雷诺数范围,选定3种尺寸的沟槽进行减阻试验.结果表明,在旋成体表面湍流流动区域顺流向布置沟槽,当沟槽齿高和齿宽的无量纲值h+、s+均小于25时,在小迎角下具有减阻作用,当s+约为15时减阻效果最明显,可减小约3%~4%的阻力.     

跨声速压气机转子失速过程的实验

针对一台跨声速压气机转子在不同转速下的失速过程进行了稳态和动态实验研究.通过对原始信号、小波分析结果以及FFT(fast Fourier transform)变换结果的分析得到,该压气机转子在3个不同转速时均为突跃型全叶高失速,流场中存在一个失速团,失速团沿周向的传播方向与转子转动方向相同,其相对静止坐标系的量纲一转速随转子转速的增大而减小,对这一规律产生的原因进行了分析.      

Track-before-detect for Infrared Maneuvering Dim Multi-target via MM-PHD

In this paper, we present a novel and efficient track-before-detect (TBD) algorithm based on multiple-model probability hypothesis density (MM-PHD) for tracking infrared maneuvering dim multi-target. Firstly, the standard sequential Monte Carlo probability hypothesis density (SMC-PHD) TBD-based algorithm is introduced and sequentially improved by the adaptive process noise and the importance re-sampling on particle likelihood, which result in the improvement in the algorithm robustness and convergence speed. Secondly, backward recursion of SMC-PHD is derived in order to ameliorate the tracking performance especially at the time of the multi-target arising. Finally, SMC-PHD is extended with multiple-model to track maneuvering dim multi-target. Extensive experiments have proved the efficiency of the presented algorithm in tracking infrared maneuvering dim multi-target, which produces better performance in track detection and tracking than other TBD-based algorithms including SMC-PHD, multiple-model particle filter (MM-PF), histogram probability multi-hypothesis tracking (H-PMHT) and Viterbi-like.     

Experimental Investigation of Nozzle Effects on Thrust and Inlet Pressure of an Air-breathing Pulse Detonation Engine

Nozzle effects on thrust and inlet pressure of a multi-cycle air-breathing pulse detonation engine (APDE) are investigated experimentally. An APDE with 68 mm in diameter and 2 050 mm in length is operated using gasoline/air mixture. Straight nozzle, converging nozzle, converging-diverging nozzle and diverging nozzle are tested. The results show that thrust augmentation of converging-diverging nozzle, diverging nozzle or straight nozzle is better than that of converging nozzle on the whole. Thrust augmentation of straight nozzle is worse than those of converging-diverging nozzle and diverging nozzle. Thrust augmentations of diverging nozzle with larger expansion ratio and converging-diverging nozzle with larger throat area range from 20% to 40% on tested frequencies and are better than those of congeneric other nozzles respectively. Nozzle effects on inlet pressure are also researched. At each frequency it is indicated that filling pressures and average peak pressures of inlet with diverging nozzle and converging-diverging nozzle with large throat cross section area are higher than those with straight nozzle and converging nozzle. Pressures near thrust wall increase in an increase order from without nozzle, with diverging nozzle, straight nozzle and converging-diverging nozzle to converging nozzle.     

气膜孔孔形对涡轮冷却流场影响的数值研究

基于有限体积法对三维定常N-S方程进行离散,采用k-ε两方程湍流模型,数值研究了气膜孔几何形状对涡轮叶片气膜冷却效果的影响,得到了气膜孔附近的流场分布。所选孔形为圆柱孔和后倾扇形孔。结果表明后倾扇形孔减小射流动量比,减弱射流穿透主流的能力,并产生了一定的展向速度,可使射流冷气能够较好地贴附在壁面上起到保护作用。具有后倾扇形孔的涡轮叶栅沿叶高方向和流线方向体现出了比圆柱形冷却孔更好的冷却效果。     

线性摩擦焊整体叶盘焊缝结构设计及试验

主要针对线性摩擦焊制备整体叶盘的方法,利用在研发动机结构形式,设计了模拟样件;结合焊接设备、焊接夹具现状,设计了多种焊接接头,并进行了分析择优;采用强度分析和振动分析等手段,确定了焊缝位置范围;通过模拟样件的振动疲劳试验,对不同焊缝位置进行了性能评价,获得了较优的焊缝位置,为后续开展整体叶盘线性摩擦焊研究提供技术支持.设计和性能考核试验表明,焊缝位置在43 mm处较优.